Economics Nobel laureate and Turing Award recipient Herbert A. Simon is best known for his work in decision-making. Specifically, he came up with three stages of Rational Decision Making that laid the groundwork for his life's work. The stages are:
Intelligence
→ Design
→ Choice
Make a lot of sense, doesn't it? First we gather intelligence, then we design the solution, and then we choose the right path to follow... That's not always the case, however. Sometimes you rush and do design last.
Intelligence
→ Choice
→ Design
This is a not ideal, but at least better than the complete waste of time that is starting with design...
Design
→ Intelligence
→ Choice
It can even get worse:
Choice
→ Intelligence
→ Design
This is what happens when you get people involved who think they know everything. And then some skip stages:
Choice
→ Intelligence
→ Design
Oomph. This is almost the pits.
Intelligence
→ Design
→ Choice
Sigh. No, we're not referring to anything specific, why do you ask?